45-degree elbow

A 45-degree elbow changes the pipe direction by a gentler angle than a 90-degree elbow. Its identity is the angular change, and it should not be treated as automatically interchangeable with another fitting or fitting sequence. It can form an oblique route, a gradual offset, or part of a multi-turn layout. Selection should consider the complete routing geometry, fitting sequence, matching end diameter and wall, material, weldability, stress, and support requirements. Pressure loss or equivalent length cannot be stated without project-specific hydraulic analysis.