Pipe and piping fittings

Butt-weld fittings

Size, nominal and actual wall, radius, angle, reduction type and material grade must match the pipe and fabrication requirements.

Type and construction

Available types

Each type has its own technical page

Quick comparison

How the main types differ in selection

Open a type for full details
TypePurposeBest suited toWatchpoint
Long-radius 90-degree elbowChanging line direction with a defined angle and radiusProcess, transmission and utility piping layoutsRadius, wall, thinning, corrosion allowance and local stress
Short-radius 90-degree elbowChanging line direction with a defined angle and radiusProcess, transmission and utility piping layoutsRadius, wall, thinning, corrosion allowance and local stress
45-degree elbowChanging line direction with a defined angle and radiusProcess, transmission and utility piping layoutsRadius, wall, thinning, corrosion allowance and local stress
180-degree returnBuilding the transport path and changing piping geometryProcess, transmission and utility pipingDimensions, wall, material, joining, corrosion and stress
Equal teeCreating a branch from the run pipe or dividing flowEqual or reducing branches in a piping networkRun and branch sizes, reinforcement, load direction and stress requirements
Reducing teeRegulation of upstream or downstream pressure within a required rangeSteam, gas, water and process networks with varying demandPressure ratio, cavitation, noise and minimum-to-maximum flow
Concentric reducerRegulation of upstream or downstream pressure within a required rangeSteam, gas, water and process networks with varying demandPressure ratio, cavitation, noise and minimum-to-maximum flow
Eccentric reducerRegulation of upstream or downstream pressure within a required rangeSteam, gas, water and process networks with varying demandPressure ratio, cavitation, noise and minimum-to-maximum flow
CapClosing a line end or providing positive isolationLine ends, future tie-ins, testing or maintenanceTrapped pressure, venting, safe removal procedure and wall thickness
Long-pattern stub endBuilding the transport path and changing piping geometryProcess, transmission and utility pipingDimensions, wall, material, joining, corrosion and stress

3 additional types above have their own detail pages.

Before selection

Information to define

  1. 1Size and schedule
  2. 2Radius and angle
  3. 3Reduction type
  4. 4Material grade
  5. 5Dimensional tolerance
  6. 6Testing and certification

Typical materials

Carbon steelStainless steelAlloy steelNickel alloy

Typical connections

Butt-weld

Typical media

ProcessSteamGasLiquid

Function

What does this family do?

Technical reference

Related standards

The exact edition and requirements must be checked against the project specification.

ASME B16.9ASME B16.28MSS SP-75

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Engineering note

This page supports initial screening and does not replace engineering calculations, project specifications, manufacturer approval or design pressure-temperature checks.

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